4. Imisebenzi esemqoka yesofthiwe ye-BMS
l Umsebenzi wokulinganisa
(1) Isilinganiso solwazi oluyisisekelo: ukuqapha umthamo webhethri, isignali yamanje, nezinga lokushisa lephakethe lebhethri. Umsebenzi oyisisekelo kakhulu wohlelo lokuphatha ibhethri ukukala amandla kagesi, amandla amanje, kanye nezinga lokushisa lamaseli ebhethri, okuyisisekelo sazo zonke izibalo ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokucabanga kokulawula kohlelo lokuphatha amabhethri.
(2) Ukutholwa kokumelana nokushisisa: Lonke isistimu yebhethri kanye nesistimu ye-voltage ephezulu idinga ukuhlolelwa ukwahlukanisa ngohlelo lokuphatha ibhethri.
(3) Ukutholwa kwe-high-voltage interlock (HVIL): isetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho bayo yonke isistimu ye-high-voltage. Uma ubuqotho besifunda sesistimu ye-voltage ephezulu bonakalisiwe, izinyathelo zokuphepha ziyasebenza.
lUmsebenzi wokulinganisa
(1) Ukulinganisa kwe-SOC ne-SOH: ingxenye ewumgogodla nenzima kakhulu
(2) Ukulinganisa: lungisa ukungalingani komthamo we-SOC x phakathi kwama-monomer ngokusebenzisa isekethe yokulinganisa.
(3) Umkhawulo wamandla ebhethri: amandla okufaka nawokukhiphayo ebhethri anomkhawulo emazingeni okushisa e-SOC ahlukene.
lEminye imisebenzi
(1) Isilawuli sokudlulisa: okuhlanganisa okuyinhloko +, okuyinhloko-, ukudluliselwa kokushaja +, ukudluliselwa kokushaja -, ukudluliswa kokushaja kwangaphambili
(2) Ukulawula ukushisa
(3) Umsebenzi wokuxhumana
(4) Ukuxilongwa kwephutha kanye ne-alamu
(5) Ukusebenza okubekezelela amaphutha
5.Imisebenzi esemqoka yesoftware ye-BMS
lUmsebenzi wokulinganisa
(1) Isilinganiso solwazi oluyisisekelo: ukuqapha umthamo webhethri, isignali yamanje, nezinga lokushisa lephakethe lebhethri. Umsebenzi oyisisekelo kakhulu wohlelo lokuphatha ibhethri ukukala amandla kagesi, amandla amanje, kanye nezinga lokushisa lamaseli ebhethri, okuyisisekelo sazo zonke izibalo ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokucabanga kokulawula kohlelo lokuphatha amabhethri.
(2) Ukutholwa kokumelana nokushisisa: Lonke isistimu yebhethri kanye nesistimu ye-voltage ephezulu idinga ukuhlolelwa ukwahlukanisa ngohlelo lokuphatha ibhethri.
(3) Ukutholwa kwe-high-voltage interlock (HVIL): isetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho bayo yonke isistimu ye-high-voltage. Uma ubuqotho besifunda sesistimu ye-voltage ephezulu bonakalisiwe, izinyathelo zokuphepha ziyasebenza.
lUmsebenzi wokulinganisa
(1) Ukulinganisa kwe-SOC ne-SOH: ingxenye ewumgogodla nenzima kakhulu
(2) Ukulinganisa: lungisa ukungalingani komthamo we-SOC x phakathi kwama-monomer ngokusebenzisa isekethe yokulinganisa.
(3) Umkhawulo wamandla ebhethri: amandla okufaka nawokukhiphayo ebhethri anomkhawulo emazingeni okushisa e-SOC ahlukene.
lEminye imisebenzi
(1) Isilawuli sokudlulisa: okuhlanganisa okuyinhloko +, okuyinhloko-, ukudluliselwa kokushaja +, ukudluliselwa kokushaja -, ukudluliswa kokushaja kwangaphambili
(2) Ukulawula ukushisa
(3) Umsebenzi wokuxhumana
(4) Ukuxilongwa kwephutha kanye ne-alamu
(5) Ukusebenza okubekezelela amaphutha
6.BMS software architecture
lUkuphathwa kwamandla kagesi aphezulu naphansi
Uma ivuliwe ngokuvamile, i-BMS ivuswa i-VCU ngomugqa oqinile noma isignali ye-CAN engu-12V. Ngemva kokuthi i-BMS isiqede ukuzihlola bese ingena okubekwe eceleni, i-VCU ithumela umyalo we-voltage ephezulu, futhi i-BMS ilawula ukuvalwa kwe-relay ukuze kuqedelwe uxhumano lwamandla kagesi aphezulu. Uma ivaliwe, i-VCU ithumela umyalo wevoltage ephansi bese inqamula ukuvuka kwe-12V. Uma isibhamu sifakwe ukuze sishaje esimweni sokucishwa kwamandla, singavuswa isignali ye-CP noma i-A+.
lUkuphatha ukushaja
(1) Ukushaja kancane
Ukushaja okunensayo ukushaja ibhethri ngamandla aqondile aguquliwe kusuka kukushintshana kwamandla yishaja esebhodini yenqwaba yokushaja (noma ugesi ongu-220V). Imininingwane yenqwaba yokushaja imvamisa ingu-16A, 32A, kanye no-64A, futhi ingashajwa nangogesi wasendlini. I-BMS ingavuswa isignali ye-CC noma ye-CP, kodwa kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingalala ngokujwayelekile ngemva kokuqedwa kokushaja. Inqubo yokushaja ye-AC ilula uma kuqhathaniswa futhi ingathuthukiswa ngokuhambisana namazinga kazwelonke anemininingwane.
(2) Ukushaja ngokushesha
Ukushaja okusheshayo ukushaja ibhethri ngokukhipha okuqondile kwamanje ngenqwaba yokushaja kwe-DC, engafinyelela ku-1C noma izinga lokushaja elingaphezulu nakakhulu. Ngokuvamile, u-80% webhethri ungashajwa ngemizuzu engama-45. Ingavuswa isignali yomthombo wamandla A+ wenqwaba yokushaja.
lUmsebenzi wokulinganisa
(1) I-SOP (Isimo Samandla) ithola ngokuyinhloko amandla okushaja atholakalayo kanye nokukhipha amandla ebhethri lamanje ngokubheka amatafula ngezinga lokushisa ne-SOC. I-VCU inquma ukuthi yonke imoto isetshenziswa kanjani ngokusekelwe enanini lamandla athunyelwe.
(2) I-SOH (Isimo Sezempilo) ikakhulukazi ibonisa isimo sempilo samanje sebhethri, ngenani eliphakathi kuka-0-100%. Ngokuvamile kucatshangwa ukuthi ibhethri ngeke likwazi ukusetshenziswa ngemva kokuba lehle libe ngaphansi kwama-80%.
(3) I-SOC (State of Charge) ingeye-algorithm yokulawula okuyinhloko ye-BMS, ebonisa isimo samanje somthamo esisele. Isekelwe kakhulu endleleni ebalulekile yehora le-ampere kanye ne-algorithm ye-EKF (isihlungi se-Kalman esinwetshiwe), esihlanganiswe namasu okulungisa (njengokulungisa ugesi ovulekile wesifunda, ukulungisa ukushaja okugcwele, ukulungisa ukuphela kwenkokhiso, ukulungisa umthamo ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa ahlukene. kanye ne-SOH, njll.).
(4) I-algorithm ye-SOE (State of Energy) ayithuthukiswa kakhulu abakhiqizi basekhaya noma isebenzisa ama-algorithms alula ukuze kutholwe isilinganiso samandla asele ngaphansi kwesimo samanje kuya kubukhulu bamandla atholakalayo. Lo msebenzi usetshenziswa kakhulu ukulinganisa ibanga lokuhamba ngomkhumbi elisele.
lUkuxilongwa kwephutha
Amaleveli amaphutha ahlukene ahlukaniswa ngokuya ngokusebenza okuhlukile kwebhethri, futhi izinyathelo ezihlukene zokucubungula zithathwa yi-BMS ne-VCU ngaphansi kwamazinga amaphutha ahlukene, njengezixwayiso, ukulinganiselwa kwamandla, noma ukunqanyulwa okuqondile kwamandla kagesi aphezulu. Amaphutha ahlanganisa ukutholwa kwedatha namaphutha engqondo, amaphutha kagesi (izinzwa nama-actuator), amaphutha okuxhumana, namaphutha esimo sebhethri, njll.
1.Imisebenzi esemqoka yesoftware ye-BMS
lUmsebenzi wokulinganisa
(1) Isilinganiso solwazi oluyisisekelo: ukuqapha umthamo webhethri, isignali yamanje, nezinga lokushisa lephakethe lebhethri. Umsebenzi oyisisekelo kakhulu wohlelo lokuphatha ibhethri ukukala amandla kagesi, amandla amanje, kanye nezinga lokushisa lamaseli ebhethri, okuyisisekelo sazo zonke izibalo ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokucabanga kokulawula kohlelo lokuphatha amabhethri.
(2) Ukutholwa kokumelana nokushisisa: Lonke isistimu yebhethri kanye nesistimu ye-voltage ephezulu idinga ukuhlolelwa ukwahlukanisa ngohlelo lokuphatha ibhethri.
(3) Ukutholwa kwe-high-voltage interlock (HVIL): isetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho bayo yonke isistimu ye-high-voltage. Uma ubuqotho besifunda sesistimu ye-voltage ephezulu bonakalisiwe, izinyathelo zokuphepha ziyasebenza.
lUmsebenzi wokulinganisa
(1) Ukulinganisa kwe-SOC ne-SOH: ingxenye ewumgogodla nenzima kakhulu
(2) Ukulinganisa: lungisa ukungalingani komthamo we-SOC x phakathi kwama-monomer ngokusebenzisa isekethe yokulinganisa.
(3) Umkhawulo wamandla ebhethri: amandla okufaka nawokukhiphayo ebhethri anomkhawulo emazingeni okushisa e-SOC ahlukene.
lEminye imisebenzi
(1) Isilawuli sokudlulisa: okuhlanganisa okuyinhloko +, okuyinhloko-, ukudluliselwa kokushaja +, ukudluliselwa kokushaja -, ukudluliswa kokushaja kwangaphambili
(2) Ukulawula ukushisa
(3) Umsebenzi wokuxhumana
(4) Ukuxilongwa kwephutha kanye ne-alamu
(5) Ukusebenza okubekezelela amaphutha
2.BMS software architecture
lUkuphathwa kwamandla kagesi aphezulu naphansi
Uma ivuliwe ngokuvamile, i-BMS ivuswa i-VCU ngomugqa oqinile noma isignali ye-CAN engu-12V. Ngemva kokuthi i-BMS isiqede ukuzihlola bese ingena okubekwe eceleni, i-VCU ithumela umyalo we-voltage ephezulu, futhi i-BMS ilawula ukuvalwa kwe-relay ukuze kuqedelwe uxhumano lwamandla kagesi aphezulu. Uma ivaliwe, i-VCU ithumela umyalo wevoltage ephansi bese inqamula ukuvuka kwe-12V. Uma isibhamu sifakwe ukuze sishaje esimweni sokucishwa kwamandla, singavuswa isignali ye-CP noma i-A+.
lUkuphatha ukushaja
(1) Ukushaja kancane
Ukushaja okunensayo ukushaja ibhethri ngamandla aqondile aguquliwe kusuka kukushintshana kwamandla yishaja esebhodini yenqwaba yokushaja (noma ugesi ongu-220V). Imininingwane yenqwaba yokushaja imvamisa ingu-16A, 32A, kanye no-64A, futhi ingashajwa nangogesi wasendlini. I-BMS ingavuswa isignali ye-CC noma ye-CP, kodwa kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingalala ngokujwayelekile ngemva kokuqedwa kokushaja. Inqubo yokushaja ye-AC ilula uma kuqhathaniswa futhi ingathuthukiswa ngokuhambisana namazinga kazwelonke anemininingwane.
(2) Ukushaja ngokushesha
Ukushaja okusheshayo ukushaja ibhethri ngokukhipha okuqondile kwamanje ngenqwaba yokushaja kwe-DC, engafinyelela ku-1C noma izinga lokushaja elingaphezulu nakakhulu. Ngokuvamile, u-80% webhethri ungashajwa ngemizuzu engama-45. Ingavuswa isignali yomthombo wamandla A+ wenqwaba yokushaja.
lUmsebenzi wokulinganisa
(1) I-SOP (Isimo Samandla) ithola ngokuyinhloko amandla okushaja atholakalayo kanye nokukhipha amandla ebhethri lamanje ngokubheka amatafula ngezinga lokushisa ne-SOC. I-VCU inquma ukuthi yonke imoto isetshenziswa kanjani ngokusekelwe enanini lamandla athunyelwe.
(2) I-SOH (Isimo Sezempilo) ikakhulukazi ibonisa isimo sempilo samanje sebhethri, ngenani eliphakathi kuka-0-100%. Ngokuvamile kucatshangwa ukuthi ibhethri ngeke likwazi ukusetshenziswa ngemva kokuba lehle libe ngaphansi kwama-80%.
(3) I-SOC (State of Charge) ingeye-algorithm yokulawula okuyinhloko ye-BMS, ebonisa isimo samanje somthamo esisele. Isekelwe kakhulu endleleni ebalulekile yehora le-ampere kanye ne-algorithm ye-EKF (isihlungi se-Kalman esinwetshiwe), esihlanganiswe namasu okulungisa (njengokulungisa ugesi ovulekile wesifunda, ukulungisa ukushaja okugcwele, ukulungisa ukuphela kwenkokhiso, ukulungisa umthamo ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa ahlukene. kanye ne-SOH, njll.).
(4) I-algorithm ye-SOE (State of Energy) ayithuthukiswa kakhulu abakhiqizi basekhaya noma isebenzisa ama-algorithms alula ukuze kutholwe isilinganiso samandla asele ngaphansi kwesimo samanje kuya kubukhulu bamandla atholakalayo. Lo msebenzi usetshenziswa kakhulu ukulinganisa ibanga lokuhamba ngomkhumbi elisele.
lUkuxilongwa kwephutha
Amaleveli amaphutha ahlukene ahlukaniswa ngokuya ngokusebenza okuhlukile kwebhethri, futhi izinyathelo ezihlukene zokucubungula zithathwa yi-BMS ne-VCU ngaphansi kwamazinga amaphutha ahlukene, njengezixwayiso, ukulinganiselwa kwamandla, noma ukunqanyulwa okuqondile kwamandla kagesi aphezulu. Amaphutha ahlanganisa ukutholwa kwedatha namaphutha engqondo, amaphutha kagesi (izinzwa nama-actuator), amaphutha okuxhumana, namaphutha esimo sebhethri, njll.
Xhumana nathi:
yanjing@1vtruck.com +(86)13921093681
duanqianyun@1vtruck.com +(86)13060058315
liyan@1vtruck.com +(86)18200390258
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-12-2023
