4. Imisebenzi yesofthiwe eyinhloko ye-BMS
l Umsebenzi wokulinganisa
(1) Ukulinganisa ulwazi oluyisisekelo: ukuqapha i-voltage yebhethri, isignali yamanje, kanye nokushisa kwephakethe lebhethri. Umsebenzi oyisisekelo kakhulu wohlelo lokuphatha ibhethri ukukala i-voltage, i-current, kanye nokushisa kwamaseli ebhethri, okuyisisekelo sazo zonke izibalo zezinga eliphezulu kanye nomqondo wokulawula wohlelo lokuphatha ibhethri.
(2) Ukutholwa kokumelana nokushisa: Lonke uhlelo lwebhethri kanye nohlelo olunamandla aphezulu kudingeka luhlolwe ukuthi luvikela ukushisa yisistimu yokuphatha ibhethri.
(3) Ukutholwa kwe-interlock ye-high-voltage (HVIL): okusetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho besistimu yonke ye-high-voltage. Uma ubuqotho besekethe yesistimu ye-high-voltage bonakalisiwe, izinyathelo zokuphepha ziyasetshenziswa.
lUmsebenzi wokulinganisa
(1) Ukulinganisa kwe-SOC kanye ne-SOH: ingxenye eyinhloko nenzima kakhulu
(2) Ukulinganisela: lungisa ukungalingani kwe-SOC x umthamo phakathi kwama-monomers ngesekethe yokulinganisela.
(3) Umkhawulo wamandla ebhethri: amandla okufaka nawokukhipha ebhethri anqunyelwe emazingeni okushisa ahlukene e-SOC.
lEminye imisebenzi
(1) Ukulawula i-relay: kufaka phakathi i-main +, i-main-, i-charging relay +, i-charging relay -, i-pre-charging relay
(2) Ukulawula ukushisa
(3) Umsebenzi wokuxhumana
(4) Ukuxilongwa kwephutha kanye ne-alamu
(5) Ukusebenza okubekezelela amaphutha
5.Imisebenzi yesofthiwe eyinhloko ye-BMS
lUmsebenzi wokulinganisa
(1) Ukulinganisa ulwazi oluyisisekelo: ukuqapha i-voltage yebhethri, isignali yamanje, kanye nokushisa kwephakethe lebhethri. Umsebenzi oyisisekelo kakhulu wohlelo lokuphatha ibhethri ukukala i-voltage, i-current, kanye nokushisa kwamaseli ebhethri, okuyisisekelo sazo zonke izibalo zezinga eliphezulu kanye nomqondo wokulawula wohlelo lokuphatha ibhethri.
(2) Ukutholwa kokumelana nokushisa: Lonke uhlelo lwebhethri kanye nohlelo olunamandla aphezulu kudingeka luhlolwe ukuthi luvikela ukushisa yisistimu yokuphatha ibhethri.
(3) Ukutholwa kwe-interlock ye-high-voltage (HVIL): okusetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho besistimu yonke ye-high-voltage. Uma ubuqotho besekethe yesistimu ye-high-voltage bonakalisiwe, izinyathelo zokuphepha ziyasetshenziswa.
lUmsebenzi wokulinganisa
(1) Ukulinganisa kwe-SOC kanye ne-SOH: ingxenye eyinhloko nenzima kakhulu
(2) Ukulinganisela: lungisa ukungalingani kwe-SOC x umthamo phakathi kwama-monomers ngesekethe yokulinganisela.
(3) Umkhawulo wamandla ebhethri: amandla okufaka nawokukhipha ebhethri anqunyelwe emazingeni okushisa ahlukene e-SOC.
lEminye imisebenzi
(1) Ukulawula i-relay: kufaka phakathi i-main +, i-main-, i-charging relay +, i-charging relay -, i-pre-charging relay
(2) Ukulawula ukushisa
(3) Umsebenzi wokuxhumana
(4) Ukuxilongwa kwephutha kanye ne-alamu
(5) Ukusebenza okubekezelela amaphutha
6.Ukwakhiwa kwesofthiwe ye-BMS
lUkuphathwa kwamandla kagesi aphezulu naphansi
Uma ivulwa ngokuvamile, i-BMS ivuswa yi-VCU ngomugqa oqinile noma isignali ye-CAN engu-12V. Ngemva kokuba i-BMS isiqedile ukuzihlola futhi ingena ku-standby, i-VCU ithumela umyalo we-high-voltage, bese i-BMS ilawula ukuvalwa kwe-relay ukuze iqedele uxhumano lwe-high-voltage. Uma ivulwa, i-VCU ithumela umyalo we-low-voltage bese inqamula i-12V wavuka. Uma isibhamu sifakwe ukuze sishajwe esimweni sokuvala, singavuswa isignali ye-CP noma ye-A+.
lUkuphathwa kokushaja
(1) Ukushaja kancane
Ukushaja kancane kuwukushaja ibhethri ngogesi oqondile oguqulwe kusuka kugesi oshintshanayo yishaja esebhodini yenqwaba yokushaja (noma ugesi ongu-220V). Imininingwane yenqwaba yokushaja ngokuvamile ingu-16A, 32A, kanye no-64A, futhi ingashajwa ngogesi wasekhaya. I-BMS ingavuswa yisignali ye-CC noma ye-CP, kodwa kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingalala ngokujwayelekile ngemva kokushaja sekuqediwe. Inqubo yokushaja i-AC ilula futhi ingathuthukiswa ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso zezwe ezinemininingwane.
(2) Ukushaja okusheshayo
Ukushaja okusheshayo kuwukushaja ibhethri ngokukhipha amandla kagesi ngqo ngenqwaba yokushaja ye-DC, okungafinyelela izinga lokushaja elingu-1C noma eliphakeme nakakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ama-80% ebhethri angashajwa ngemizuzu engama-45. Ingavuswa isignali yomthombo wamandla osizayo i-A+ yenqwaba yokushaja.
lUmsebenzi wokulinganisa
(1) I-SOP (Isimo Samandla) ithola kakhulu amandla okushaja nokukhipha ibhethri lamanje ngokubheka amatafula ngokusebenzisa izinga lokushisa kanye ne-SOC. I-VCU inquma ukuthi imoto yonke isetshenziswa kanjani ngokusekelwe enanini lamandla elithunyelwe.
(2) I-SOH (Isimo Sempilo) ichaza kakhulu isimo sempilo samanje sebhethri, ngenani eliphakathi kuka-0-100%. Ngokuvamile kubhekwa ukuthi ibhethri alikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngemva kokwehla ngaphansi kuka-80%.
(3) I-SOC (Isimo Sokushaja) ingeye-algorithm yokulawula eyinhloko ye-BMS, echaza isimo samanje somthamo osele. Isekelwe kakhulu endleleni yokuhlanganisa ye-ampere-hour kanye ne-algorithm ye-EKF (extended Kalman filter), ehlanganiswe namasu okulungisa (njengokulungiswa kwe-voltage ye-open-circuit, ukulungiswa kwe-charge egcwele, ukulungiswa kokuphela kwe-charge, ukulungiswa komthamo ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa ahlukene kanye ne-SOH, njll.).
(4) I-algorithm ye-SOE (State of Energy) ayithuthukiswa kabanzi ngabakhiqizi basekhaya noma isebenzisa ama-algorithm alula ukuthola isilinganiso samandla asele ngaphansi kwesimo samanje namandla aphezulu atholakalayo. Lo msebenzi usetshenziswa kakhulu ekulinganiseni ububanzi bokuhamba ngesikebhe obusele.
lUkuxilongwa kwephutha
Amazinga ahlukene amaphutha ahlukaniswa ngokuya ngokusebenza okuhlukile kwebhethri, futhi izinyathelo ezahlukene zokucubungula zithathwa yi-BMS kanye ne-VCU ngaphansi kwamazinga ahlukene amaphutha, njengezixwayiso, ukulinganiselwa kwamandla, noma ukunqanyulwa okuqondile kwe-voltage ephezulu. Amaphutha afaka phakathi amaphutha okuthola idatha kanye nokuhluzeka, amaphutha kagesi (izinzwa nama-actuator), amaphutha okuxhumana, kanye namaphutha esimo sebhethri, njll.
1.Imisebenzi yesofthiwe eyinhloko ye-BMS
lUmsebenzi wokulinganisa
(1) Ukulinganisa ulwazi oluyisisekelo: ukuqapha i-voltage yebhethri, isignali yamanje, kanye nokushisa kwephakethe lebhethri. Umsebenzi oyisisekelo kakhulu wohlelo lokuphatha ibhethri ukukala i-voltage, i-current, kanye nokushisa kwamaseli ebhethri, okuyisisekelo sazo zonke izibalo zezinga eliphezulu kanye nomqondo wokulawula wohlelo lokuphatha ibhethri.
(2) Ukutholwa kokumelana nokushisa: Lonke uhlelo lwebhethri kanye nohlelo olunamandla aphezulu kudingeka luhlolwe ukuthi luvikela ukushisa yisistimu yokuphatha ibhethri.
(3) Ukutholwa kwe-interlock ye-high-voltage (HVIL): okusetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho besistimu yonke ye-high-voltage. Uma ubuqotho besekethe yesistimu ye-high-voltage bonakalisiwe, izinyathelo zokuphepha ziyasetshenziswa.
lUmsebenzi wokulinganisa
(1) Ukulinganisa kwe-SOC kanye ne-SOH: ingxenye eyinhloko nenzima kakhulu
(2) Ukulinganisela: lungisa ukungalingani kwe-SOC x umthamo phakathi kwama-monomers ngesekethe yokulinganisela.
(3) Umkhawulo wamandla ebhethri: amandla okufaka nawokukhipha ebhethri anqunyelwe emazingeni okushisa ahlukene e-SOC.
lEminye imisebenzi
(1) Ukulawula i-relay: kufaka phakathi i-main +, i-main-, i-charging relay +, i-charging relay -, i-pre-charging relay
(2) Ukulawula ukushisa
(3) Umsebenzi wokuxhumana
(4) Ukuxilongwa kwephutha kanye ne-alamu
(5) Ukusebenza okubekezelela amaphutha
2.Ukwakhiwa kwesofthiwe ye-BMS
lUkuphathwa kwamandla kagesi aphezulu naphansi
Uma ivulwa ngokuvamile, i-BMS ivuswa yi-VCU ngomugqa oqinile noma isignali ye-CAN engu-12V. Ngemva kokuba i-BMS isiqedile ukuzihlola futhi ingena ku-standby, i-VCU ithumela umyalo we-high-voltage, bese i-BMS ilawula ukuvalwa kwe-relay ukuze iqedele uxhumano lwe-high-voltage. Uma ivulwa, i-VCU ithumela umyalo we-low-voltage bese inqamula i-12V wavuka. Uma isibhamu sifakwe ukuze sishajwe esimweni sokuvala, singavuswa isignali ye-CP noma ye-A+.
lUkuphathwa kokushaja
(1) Ukushaja kancane
Ukushaja kancane kuwukushaja ibhethri ngogesi oqondile oguqulwe kusuka kugesi oshintshanayo yishaja esebhodini yenqwaba yokushaja (noma ugesi ongu-220V). Imininingwane yenqwaba yokushaja ngokuvamile ingu-16A, 32A, kanye no-64A, futhi ingashajwa ngogesi wasekhaya. I-BMS ingavuswa yisignali ye-CC noma ye-CP, kodwa kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingalala ngokujwayelekile ngemva kokushaja sekuqediwe. Inqubo yokushaja i-AC ilula futhi ingathuthukiswa ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso zezwe ezinemininingwane.
(2) Ukushaja okusheshayo
Ukushaja okusheshayo kuwukushaja ibhethri ngokukhipha amandla kagesi ngqo ngenqwaba yokushaja ye-DC, okungafinyelela izinga lokushaja elingu-1C noma eliphakeme nakakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ama-80% ebhethri angashajwa ngemizuzu engama-45. Ingavuswa isignali yomthombo wamandla osizayo i-A+ yenqwaba yokushaja.
lUmsebenzi wokulinganisa
(1) I-SOP (Isimo Samandla) ithola kakhulu amandla okushaja nokukhipha ibhethri lamanje ngokubheka amatafula ngokusebenzisa izinga lokushisa kanye ne-SOC. I-VCU inquma ukuthi imoto yonke isetshenziswa kanjani ngokusekelwe enanini lamandla elithunyelwe.
(2) I-SOH (Isimo Sempilo) ichaza kakhulu isimo sempilo samanje sebhethri, ngenani eliphakathi kuka-0-100%. Ngokuvamile kubhekwa ukuthi ibhethri alikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngemva kokwehla ngaphansi kuka-80%.
(3) I-SOC (Isimo Sokushaja) ingeye-algorithm yokulawula eyinhloko ye-BMS, echaza isimo samanje somthamo osele. Isekelwe kakhulu endleleni yokuhlanganisa ye-ampere-hour kanye ne-algorithm ye-EKF (extended Kalman filter), ehlanganiswe namasu okulungisa (njengokulungiswa kwe-voltage ye-open-circuit, ukulungiswa kwe-charge egcwele, ukulungiswa kokuphela kwe-charge, ukulungiswa komthamo ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa ahlukene kanye ne-SOH, njll.).
(4) I-algorithm ye-SOE (State of Energy) ayithuthukiswa kabanzi ngabakhiqizi basekhaya noma isebenzisa ama-algorithm alula ukuthola isilinganiso samandla asele ngaphansi kwesimo samanje namandla aphezulu atholakalayo. Lo msebenzi usetshenziswa kakhulu ekulinganiseni ububanzi bokuhamba ngesikebhe obusele.
lUkuxilongwa kwephutha
Amazinga ahlukene amaphutha ahlukaniswa ngokuya ngokusebenza okuhlukile kwebhethri, futhi izinyathelo ezahlukene zokucubungula zithathwa yi-BMS kanye ne-VCU ngaphansi kwamazinga ahlukene amaphutha, njengezixwayiso, ukulinganiselwa kwamandla, noma ukunqanyulwa okuqondile kwe-voltage ephezulu. Amaphutha afaka phakathi amaphutha okuthola idatha kanye nokuhluzeka, amaphutha kagesi (izinzwa nama-actuator), amaphutha okuxhumana, kanye namaphutha esimo sebhethri, njll.
Xhumana nathi:
yanjing@1vtruck.com +(86)13921093681
duanqianyun@1vtruck.com +(86)13060058315
liyan@1vtruck.com +(86)18200390258
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-12-2023
